Supplier certification and quality investment in supply chains

Global sourcing has made quality management a more challenging task, and supplier certification has emerged as a solution to overcome suppliers' informational advantage about their product quality. This article analyzes the impact of certification standards on the supplier's investment in quality, when a buyer outsources the production process. Based on our results, deterministic certification may lead to under‐investment in quality improvement technology for efficient suppliers, thereby leading to potential supply chain inefficiency. The introduction of noisy certification may alleviate this under‐investment problem, when the cost of information asymmetry is high. While allowing noisy certification always empowers the buyer to offer a menu to screen among heterogeneous suppliers, the buyer may optimally choose only a limited number of certification standards. Our analysis provides a clear‐cut prediction of the types of certifiers the buyer should use for heterogeneous suppliers, and we identify the conditions under which the supplier benefits from noisy certification. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2013     

SAR微动目标的稀疏贝叶斯成像方法

SAR微动信息能够反映出目标的属性信息,其微动图像可作为雷达目标识别的一种重要手段。基于SAR微动目标回波的稀疏特性,建立了在过完备词典下的稀疏表示模型,提出一种新的稀疏贝叶斯重构方法——方差成分扩张压缩,该方法仅赋予有重要意义的信号元素不同的方差分量,拥有更少的参数。仿真结果表明,方差成分扩张压缩方法能较精确地估计出SAR目标微动参数,同时能够获得低信噪比条件下较好的微动目标像。     

合同战术级军事专家系统研制

文中以合同战术级军事专家系统的实践为基础,以逻辑型语言为主要实现语言,描述基于黑板模型的问题求解策略,使用框架与产生式规则相结合的知识表示方法,以及运用基于预制文本与模糊文法的解释机制等。应用表明,本文提出和采用的方法与技术取得了明显的效益。     

科研经费管理决策支持系统若干模型

本文应用多目标决策原理和计算机技术,在分析用户需求的基础上,建立了科研任务项目的预测评价和经费分配模型,并分析了有关模型的关系和解决性质。根据这些模型和决策的特点,简要叙述了该系统的主要功能。我们相信,该系统的应用,将给管理人员提供方便,且使管理进一步科学化,让有限的经费发挥更大的作用。     

基于DSP的电视跟踪系统算法设计

研究基于ADSP21020高速DSP芯片构成的实时电视跟踪系统的图象采集。分割、跟踪定位和跟踪波门设计等算法,并给出算法实现的流程图。     

悬置螺母的载荷分布及优化设计

本文在全面考虑螺旋付变形和建立合理的力学模型的基础上,导出了悬置螺母载荷分布计算的矩阵表达式,并以载荷分布均匀为目标对其结构参数进行了优化。优化结果较好地改善了悬置螺母的载荷分布状况,显示出良好的应用前景。     

有机涂层缓蚀剂的研究

在普通涂料中加入缓蚀剂构成缓蚀涂料,可以大大增强涂料的防蚀能力。本工作针对舰船船底漆铝扮沥青环氧涂层,研究了二种含有氨基、羧基及杂环的有机缓蚀剂,当在普通的船底漆中加入少量缓蚀剂后,不改变原来涂层的物理机械性能,但可显著地提高涂层的耐蚀性能,采用了浸泡试验、盐雾箱试验及交流阻抗测试对涂层的耐蚀性能进行了评价,并采用电化学方法对涂层缓蚀剂的机理作了探讨。     

冲压式翼伞开伞仿真计算

本文分析了冲压式翼伞开伞的特点,提出了一个展弦向二维开伞模型,建立了伞衣的径向运动方程。在推导系统运动方程和分离体运动方程的基础上,建立翼伞开伞仿真状态方程,用龙格-库塔法求解,给出开伞充满时间、开伞动载、翼伞速度和位置坐标等参数的变化值。本文提供的开伞仿真计算软件包,可用于各类冲压式翼伞的开伞仿真计算。     

氯酸钾对不锈钢在硫酸和盐酸混合溶液中的缓蚀行为

研究了缓蚀剂ＫＣｌＯ３在７０％Ｈ２ＳＯ４和０．２％ＨＣｌ溶液中对１８—８不锈钢的缓蚀行为。运用线性极化技术测定了缓蚀剂的缓蚀效率为９６％。动电位极化曲线、循环极化曲线及交流阻抗的测量表明,缓蚀剂ＫＣｌＯ３是一种阳极钝化型缓蚀剂,添加缓蚀剂ＫＣｌＯ３后,不锈钢表面氧化膜进一步加强,从而有效地抑制不锈钢的均匀腐蚀和孔蚀。     

The effects of local elections on national military spending: A cross-country study

In this paper, we study the domestic political determinants of military spending. Our conceptual framework suggests that power distribution over local and central governments influences the government provision of national public goods, in our context, military expenditure. Drawing on a large cross-country panel, we demonstrate that having local elections will decrease a country’s military expenditure markedly, controlling for other political and economic variables. According to our preferred estimates, a country’s military expenditure is on average 20% lower if its state government officials are locally elected, which is consistent with our theoretical prediction.